The court holds that a district court should have used the lodestar approach in awarding an environmental group attorney fees under Federal Water Pollution Control Act §505. The court first holds that the district court has not made an independent judgment in its award of attorney fees. The distric...

The court holds that a city violated the Federal Water Pollution Control Act (FWPCA) by discharging sludge from its wastewater treatment facility without an operating permit. The court first holds that a state constitutional provision cannot excuse the city's operation of its water treatment facilit...

The court upholds five general permits issued by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers authorizing the filling of wetlands for a broad range of development activities in Anchorage, Alaska. The court first holds that the Corps satisfied the requirement that the permitted activities are "similar in environ...

The court holds that the federal government's reallocation of a Native American tribe's excess water supply to a second tribe did not constitute a taking of irrigation districts' water rights. After the districts entered into subcontracts with the state and federal government for residual water righ...

A judge dissents from the Ninth Circuit's decision not to rehear a case addressing the Oil Pollution Act's (OPA's) preemptive effect on Washington State's oil spill prevention regulations. The initial Ninth Circuit opinion held that the OPA did not preempt the majority of the state's oil spill regul...

The court holds that it lacks subject matter jurisdiction to review environmental groups' Federal Water Pollution Control Act (FWPCA) citizen suit against a mining company allegedly discharging pollutants from its waste rock piles into a river via groundwater seepage without a national pollutant dis...

The court holds that the Outer Banks Protection Act's (OBPA's) temporary moratorium on oil exploration did not cause the United States to breach outer continental shelf (OCS) oil and gas leases with two oil companies. The court first holds that the phrase "all other applicable statutes and regulatio...

The court holds that the ability to use a river in a recreational manner should be considered in determining whether the river is navigable-in-fact in a trespass case against kayakers and canoers on the South Branch of the Moose River in New York. The kayakers and canoers, who allegedly trespassed o...

The court holds that a state environmental agency did not have a duty to ascertain the accuracy of the location of wetlands on developers' property. The court first holds that the duty to depict accurately the location of wetlands was properly the duty of the developers and their representatives. It...

The court holds that a local air pollution control agency cannot seek civil penalties from a U.S. Air Force base for past violations of the Clean Air Act (CAA) and state law. The court first holds that Congress, through the CAA, did not waive U.S. sovereign immunity from liability for civil penaltie...