Contamination of drinking water by per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) has garnered much attention in recent years. PFAS include perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) and perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), and PFAS exposures and risks can result in regulatory concerns and active management at contaminated sites and surrounding areas. On September 12, 2018, ELI hosted leading experts for an in-depth discussion on the sources, overarching chemistry, environmental fate and transport, exposure, toxicology, and occurrence of PFAS, with emphasis on the state of knowledge regarding the characterization, risk management, and remediation of PFAS-impacted sites. The panel provided updates on state and federal regulatory issues, and explored the spectrum of legal challenges associated with the use of PFAS at industrial and military facilities. This Article present a transcript of the discussion, which has been edited for style, clarity, and space considerations.