Editors' Summary: The looming specter of climate change has sent industry racing to develop ways to reduce carbon emissions. Ethanol is one fuel now touted as a new and cleaner alternative to gasoline. Ethanol, however, already has a long history as a gasoline additive under the CAA's reformulated gasoline regulations. In this Article, Prof. Arnold W. Reitze explains the history of fuel additive requirements under the CAA, focusing on the particular problems of each type of gasoline additive. Exposing the cost-benefit deficiencies of ethanol as an alternative fuel, he reveals how the rise of ethanol is a result of political economy rather than sound science.