Editors' Summary: The threat of terrorism and other armed conflict calls into question the security of the planet's water resources. Few legal tools exist to protect this critical resource. In this Article, Rupesh Mishra examines the vulnerability of freshwater and evaluates the tools that might be used to protect it during armed conflict. Surveying international law, custom, and emerging principles, he identifies opportunities where existing law might be better utilized for preservation of water. He concludes with a broad set of recommendations, advocating the restructuring of the current international conflict and environmental legal regimes to offer more effective protection of water resources around the world.