Editors' Summary: As the economies of developing countries grow, so too do their energy needs. And in an increasingly interconnected world, these changes have repercussions for the rest of the world, both economically and environmentally. In this Article, Michael Cummings looks at the energy developments of China, a nation whose energy use doubled while its economic growth quadrupled between 1980 and 2000. He notes that while China's energy sector will continue to grow with its economy, what direction it will take and how big it will grow remain uncertain. He urges the world community, particularly the United States, to cooperate with and provide support to China, as a massive expansion of China's energy sector would have profound effects on the environment and climate change, the world energy and oil markets, and risks related to nuclear proliferation.