With respect to conflict and post-conflict environmental peacebuilding, three key themes characterize the post-Cold War world: (1) a change in how wars are fought and financed; (2) the United Nations’ more frequent and wide-ranging intervention in conflicts, as well as its increasing emphasis on peacebuilding; and (3) a change in international environmental policy and international cooperation around the environment. This Article discusses each in turn, their interrelationship, and the recently emerging interdisciplinary field of environmental peacebuilding. It concludes with recommendations for scholars and practitioners to continue to build this field.