The City of Taunton (“City”) petitioned the Environmental Appeals Board (“Board”) to review a National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (“NPDES”) Permit (“Permit”) that the United States Environmental Protection Agency (“EPA” or “Agency”) Region 1 (“Region”) issued to the City on April 10, 2015. The Permit authorizes the City to discharge wastewater effluent from its advanced secondary wastewater treatment facility (“Plant”) into the Taunton River, and subsequently Mount Hope Bay, in Massachusetts. Among other things, the Permit includes a limit on nitrogen discharges from the Plant.